Preliminary MTO
What is it? – A preliminary MTO is a material take-off very early in the design process when only a limited amount of information is known and very little detail has been developed.
Why is it done? - A preliminary MTO is normally done for two reasons. The first is to assist with the early "order-of-magnitude" (+/- 10%) estimate for the overall project. The second reason is to issue early orders of magnitude "RFQ's" (Request for Quote) for piping materials.
When is it done? - The preliminary MTO is only possible when there is a Plot Plan that is "Approved" by the Client or has been issued to the client for approval. This is done long before there is any detailed work started on the 3D design model.
Who does it? - A preliminary MTO is best done by very strong well experienced senior piping designers who are familiar with the project.
How is it done? - For the preliminary MTO we used a formatted form on which we could indicate the number or amount of material required for each line. On the form I would identify the line number along with the line class. I would then look at this line on the P&ID and on the Plot Plan and determine the routing of the pipe. Then in the boxes (on the form) I would then mark the amount of pipe required for each size required for that line. Then I would count the number of fittings required, starting with 90 degree elbows. Then continuing through all the other inline fittings and online fittings. After the fittings I would count all the flanges by size. Then I would count all the valves from the P&ID. The high point vents and low point drains would be made last based on an educated guess. Then I would take another form and do another line. As I did each line I would "Yellow" off the line on the P&ID so at the end all the lines are accounted for. As the forms were completed they would be reviewed by the Area Supervisor and then forwarded to the Material Control Group who would process the data to produce the RFQ's
Secondary MTO
Why is it done? - The primary reason for the Secondary MTO is to update quantities for the issue of the actual Purchase orders for piping material. A second reason is to update the project estimate.
When is it done? - The Secondary MTO can only be done when there is significant progress completed on the 3D design model (or other electronic design method). However it must be done early enough to ensure that the procurement (purchase and delivery) of the piping material to the field will fit the overall project schedule.
Who does it? - The Material Control Group.
How is it done? - The Material Control Group would access the electronic database and down-load all the material available at that time. Some factoring would be done by the Material Control Group and the Piping Design Leads to allow for work not done yet.
Types of lists or documents that are used to manage and organize projects.
MTO means Material Take-Off. It is a record of all the consumable items, tools, and other forms of the asset that are relevant to any construction project. The typical elements of MTO are the required quantities, sizes and dimensions, details of the articles, delivery frequencies and so on. This is commonly developed by the project engineers and employed by the procurement as well as the construction groups for the purpose of ordering as well as tracking the necessary materials for the project.
BOM means Bill of Material, they are both abbreviated for the same thing. It is a list of all the parts, components and materials that are necessary for construction of a certain product or system. The components of BOM normally consist of part number, description, quantity among others. It is more often than not developed by the designers and handed over to the manufacturing and assembly line of a product.
This full form of BOQ is Bill of Quantities. It is a document wherein all the requirements as to the amount of materials, equipment, and labor for construction is indicated. Standard elements of BOQ are description, unit to be used, and cost for each item. It is more often than not, compiled by the Quantity Surveyor and employed by the contractor in the determination of the cost of the project and the billing of the client.
Final MTO
Why is it done? - The final MTO is done first to identify any item added late in the project or anything that was missed on the Preliminary or Secondary MTO's. The second reason for the Final MTO is to get a fix on the final job costs.
When is it done? - The Final MTO is done when the last Isometric has been issued.
Who does it? - The Material Control Group.
How is it done? - The Material Control Group would access the electronic database and down-load all the material. Any differences between the Final MTO and the Secondary MTO would be identified. Purchase orders would be issued for the updated quantities.
Please remember this is only how it was done where I was. Use it as a guide but please do not be misled that this is the only way an MTO can be done.
Final Note
MTO means Material Take-Off. This is the action of counting the pieces and parts needed to fabricate, purchase and or construct something. (“Have you started the MTO yet? - Have you completed the MTO yet?”)
BOM means Bill of Material. This is normally a listing of only the material shown on an individual specific drawing such as a piping isometric. (Have you checked all the BOM’s for Area 10 Isometrics?)
BOQ means Bill of Quantity (also called Material Summary). This is the totaling of all the quantities from all the BOM’s from all the projects to send to a piping supplier for pricing or purchase.
There are normally three material take-offs sessions during a process plant project. These are preliminary, secondary and final.
All of these lists are indispensable as they help in compiling and in a way coordinating the materials, equipment and myriad of other resources necessary for a particular project. They are often developed at various project phases and utilized by distinct teams, yet they collectively contribute to the project’s timely and cost-effective completion along with the necessary quality.
BOM vs BOQ
BOM also referred to as BoM or only Bill of Material and BOQ also referred to as BoQ or only Bill of Quantity are indeed two significant documents that are implemented in Industries for example manufacturing Industries or construction Industries and for a project.While they share similarities, they serve different purposes:
Bill of Materials (BOM):
Purpose: BOM is a list which contains all the items that will be needed to build or assemble a given product. This customer is traditionally associated with manufacturing, engineering and product design.
Components: Technical documentation in BOM also contains an identification number, description, quantity, material, and in some cases, assembly instructions of every item.
Usage: Within the process of manufacturing BOM is used in the planning of production, ordering for materials, tracking inventory, and ensuring that right parts needed in the production of certain products are assembled. It is useful in managing the production process considering it as a major factor towards achieving the set goals.
Example: As applied to manufacturing, a BOM for a bicycle would show all the parts starting from frame, wheels, pedals, chain, brakes, among others, together with the quantity and the exact nature of each.
Bill of Quantities (BOQ):
Purpose: BOQ is a document that outlines all the main items that are necessary to use while constructing or for the general execution of a specific project. It is very much applied in construction, civil engineering, and project management.
Components: BOQ consists of details about each item or activity required for the project and the rates that are applicable to each unit, details about specification of every unit, and sometimes measurements.
Usage: BOQ is applied to construction and projects to forecast for costing estimates, source materials and services, assign resources in addition to being the basis of bidding for the projects and contracts.
Example: BOQ for construction projects entails items like bricks, cement, steel bars, plumbing fixtures, electric wares, labors, specifications as well as quantities for a specific building project.
All in all, BOM and BOQ are list types utilized in several industries; however, BOM is limited to materials and components among manufacturers BOM and BOQ are list types that can be used in various industries; however, whilst BOM is dedicated to manufacturing and expressing materials and components, BOQ concentrates on items, quantities, and features necessary to manage construction projects. In their respective fields they are vital for planning, estimating costs for execution of the work and in overall management of the project.